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Phase 1 Study of ABT-751, a Novel Microtubule Inhibitor, in Patients with Refractory Hematologic Malignancies

Authors' Affiliations: ¹ Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas and ² Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois

Requests for reprints: Francis J. Giles, Department of Leukemia, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Box 428, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: 713-792-8217; Fax: 713-794-4297; E-mail: frankgiles{at}aol.com.

Purpose: ABT-751 is an oral antimitotic agent that binds to the colchicine site on ß-tubulin. A phase 1 study was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose and toxicities of ABT-751 in patients with advanced myelodysplastic syndrome and relapsed or refractory acute leukemias.

Study Design: Thirty-two patients were treated: nine with 100 (n = 3), 125 (n = 3), or 150 mg/m² (n = 3) of ABT-751 given orally once daily for 7 days every 3 weeks and 23 with 75 (n = 3), 100 (n = 3), 125 (n = 5), 150 (n = 5), 175 (n = 3), or 200 mg/m² (n = 4) of ABT-751 given orally once daily for 21 days every 4 weeks. Consenting patients had pharmacogenetic sampling and enumeration of circulating endothelial cells (CEC).

Results: Dose-limiting toxicity consisted of ileus in one patient at 200 mg/m², with a subsequent patient developing grade 2 constipation at the same dose level. One patient with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia achieved a complete remission that was sustained for 2 months. Four other patients had transient hematologic improvements, consisting of a decrease in peripheral blood blasts and improvements in platelet counts. CEC number was reduced in three patients with a concomitant reduction in peripheral blasts. A previously undescribed nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism, encoding Ala¹⁸⁵Thr, was identified in exon 4 of the ß-tubulin gene, TUBB, in three other patients. The recommended phase 2 dose in hematologic malignancies is 175 mg/m² daily orally for 21 days every 4 weeks.

Conclusion: Further assessment of ABT-751, especially in combination with other agents, in patients with acute leukemias is warranted.

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