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Claudin-10 Expression Level is Associated with Recurrence of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Departments of ¹ Surgery and Centre for the Study of Liver Disease, ² Pathology, and ³ Clinical Trials Centre, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; ⁴ Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; and ⁵ Department of Surgery, Asian Liver Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California

Requests for reprints: Siu Tim Cheung, Department of Surgery, University of Hong Kong Medical Centre, L9-55, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, China. Phone: 852-2819-9651; Fax: 852-2818-4407; E-mail: stcheung{at}hkucc.hku.hk.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with the same clinicopathologic features can have remarkably different disease outcomes after curative hepatectomy. To address this issue, we evaluated the cDNA microarray gene expression profiles of HCCs and identified claudin-10 expression level was associated with disease recurrence. The aim of the current study is to validate the microarray data by an alternative research method applicable for routine practice.

Experimental Design: Quantitative reverse transcription–PCR (RT-PCR) was used to validate the microarray data on claudin-10 expression level. The assay was repeated on a separate HCC sample set to consolidate the prognostic significance of claudin-10.

Results: Claudin-10 expression level by quantitative RT-PCR and by microarray measurement showed a high concordance (r = 0.602, P < 0.001). Quantitative RT-PCR was repeated on a separate HCC sample set and the association of claudin-10 expression with recurrence was again confirmed (hazard ratio, 1.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.4; P = 0.011). By multivariable Cox regression analysis, claudin-10 expression and pathologic tumor-node-metastasis stage were independent factors for prediction of disease recurrence.

Conclusion: Claudin-10 expression of HCC can be used as a molecular marker for disease recurrence after curative hepatectomy.

Key Words: claudin-10 • gene expression • liver cancer • prognosis • recurrence

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