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Novel Genes Associated with Malignant Melanoma but not Benign Melanocytic Lesions

Authors' Affiliation: Veridex, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson Company, San Diego, California

Requests for reprints: Yixin Wang, Veridex, LLC, a Johnson & Johnson Company, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121. Phone: 858-784-3295; Fax: 858-450-2070; E-mail: ywang{at}vrxus.jnj.com.

Purpose: Cutaneous melanoma is a common, aggressive cancer with increasing incidence. The identification of melanoma-specific deregulated genes could provide molecular markers for lymph node staging assays and further insight into melanoma tumorigenesis.

Experimental Design: Total RNA isolated from 45 primary melanoma, 18 benign skin nevi, and 7 normal skin tissue specimens were analyzed on an Affymetrix Hu133A microarray containing 22,000 probe sets.

Results: Hierarchical clustering revealed a distinct separation of the melanoma samples from the benign and normal specimens. Novel genes associated with malignant melanoma were identified. Differential gene expression of two melanoma-specific genes, PLAB and L1CAM, were tested by a one-step quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay on primary malignant melanoma, benign nevi, and normal skin samples, as well as on malignant melanoma lymph node metastasis and melanoma-free lymph nodes. The performance of the markers was compared with conventional melanoma markers such as tyrosinase, gp100, and MART1.

Conclusion: Our study systematically identified novel melanoma-specific genes and showed the feasibility of using a combination of PLAB and L1CAM in a reverse transcription-PCR assay to differentiate clinically relevant samples containing benign or malignant melanocytes.

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