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Somatic Mutations of EGFR Gene in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Authors' Affiliations: Departments of ¹ Pathology, ² Otolaryngology and ³ Clinical Pathology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea; and ⁴ Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Requests for reprints: Sug Hyung Lee, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Socho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea. Phone: 82-2-590-1188; Fax: 82-2-537-6586; E-mail: suhulee{at}catholic.ac.kr.

Purpose: Recently, the kinase domain mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene have been identified in non–small-cell lung cancer, and these mutations have been related to the clinical response to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib. Gefitinib treatment has also shown clinical benefits in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). The aim of this study was to explore the possibility that SCCHN harbored the EGFR mutations.

Experimental Design: In this study, we analyzed EGFR gene in 41 SCCHN for the detection of the somatic mutations by PCR-single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis.

Results: Overall, we detected three EGFR mutations (7.3%), and all of the mutations were the same in-frame deletion mutation in exon 19 (E746_A750del).

Conclusion: These data indicated that in addition to non–small-cell lung cancer, SCCHN harbors the EGFR gene mutations, and suggested the rationale for the clinical applicability of gefinitib to SCCHN patients.

Key Words: EGFR • mutation • head and neck cancer • gefitinib • Iressa • oncogene

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