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Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 12, 6869-6875, December 1, 2006
© 2006 American Association for Cancer Research

Reviews

Aurora Kinases: New Targets for Cancer Therapy

Richard D. Carvajal3, Archie Tse1 and Gary K. Schwartz2

Authors' Affiliations: 1 Gastrointestinal Oncology Service and 2 Melanoma/Sarcoma Service, Laboratory of New Drug Development and 3 Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York

Requests for reprints: Gary K. Schwartz, Melanoma/Sarcoma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021. Phone: 212-639-8324; Fax: 212-717-3320; E-mail: schwartg{at}mskcc.org.

The Aurora kinase family is a collection of highly related serine/threonine kinases that functions as a key regulator of mitosis. In mammalian cells, Aurora has evolved into three related kinases known as Aurora-A, Aurora-B, and Aurora-C. These kinases are overexpressed in a number of human cancers, and transfection studies have established Aurora-A as a bone fide oncogene. Because Aurora overexpression is associated with malignancy, these kinases have been targeted for cancer therapy. This article reviews the multiple functions of Aurora kinase in the regulation of mitosis and the mitotic checkpoint, the role of abnormal Aurora kinase activity in the development of cancer, the putative mechanisms of Aurora kinase inhibition and its antitumor effects, the development of the first generation of Aurora kinase inhibitors, and prospects for the future of Aurora kinase inhibition in the treatment of cancer.




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