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A Phase I Safety and Pharmacologic Study of a Twice Weekly Dosing Regimen of the Oral Taxane BMS-275183

Authors' Affiliations: ¹ VU University Medical Center, ² The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; ³ Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan; ⁴ Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wallingford, Connecticut; and ⁵ Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands

Requests for reprints: Giuseppe Giaccone, Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Phone: 31-20-4444-321; Fax: 31-20-4444-079; E-mail: g.giaccone{at}vumc.nl.

Purpose: BMS-275183, an orally administered C-4 methyl carbonate paclitaxel analogue, showed promising activity in a phase I trial investigating a weekly treatment regimen, but was associated with a relatively high incidence of neuropathic side effects. The current dose escalation phase I trial was initiated to investigate whether twice weekly administration of BMS-275183 would improve its safety and tolerability. Additionally, the pharmacokinetics and possible antitumor activity were studied.

Experimental Design: A cycle consisted of 4 weeks (i.e., eight twice weekly oral doses). The starting dose was 60 mg/m² and the dose was increased by 20 mg/m² increments. Cohorts consisted of three patients and were expanded to at least six patients when toxicity was encountered. Plasma pharmacokinetics were done on days 1 and 15.

Results: A total of 38 patients were enrolled. The maximum tolerated dose was 100 mg/m² twice weekly. Seventeen patients were treated at the maximum tolerated dose; 3 of 17 patients experienced a dose-limiting toxicity, consisting of a combination of neutropenia, neuropathy, and diarrhea. BMS-275183 seemed to have a considerably lower incidence of neuropathic side effects compared with the weekly treatment regimen. Confirmed partial responses were observed in two patients with non–small cell lung cancer, one patient with prostate cancer, and one patient with melanoma. In addition, a long-lasting prostate-specific antigen response was observed in a patient with prostate carcinoma with nonmeasurable disease.

Conclusions: BMS-275183 is preferably given in a twice weekly regimen and has considerable antitumor activity. A phase II trial in non–small cell lung cancer using the twice weekly schedule has been initiated.

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