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Nuclear Factor-B in Development, Prevention, and Therapy of Cancer

Author's Affiliation: Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders and Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland

Requests for reprints: Carter Van Waes, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, CRC Room 4-2732, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: 301-402-4216; Fax: 301-402-1140; E-mail: vanwaesc{at}nidcd.nih.gov.

Nuclear factor-B (NF-B) is a signal transcription factor that has emerged as an important modulator of altered gene programs and malignant phenotype in development of cancer. Major carcinogens and oncogenic viruses induce NF-B activation, and a variety of subsequent oncogenic events contribute to a progressive increase in constitutive NF-B activation as an important common pathway in most forms of cancer. NF-B target genes promote tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Inhibition of NF-B has been found to be an important mechanism of action of steroids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and natural and synthetic compounds that show therapeutic and preventive activity. Newer agents targeting the proteasome, inhibitor-B kinase, and other upstream kinases involved in NF-B activation have shown anticancer activity in clinical or preclinical studies.

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