Clinical Cancer Research, Vol 2, Issue 7 1097-1102, Copyright © 1996 by American Association for Cancer Research

ARTICLES

Loss of DCC expression in neuroblastoma is associated with disease dissemination

MA Reale, M Reyes-Mugica, WE Pierceall, MC Rubinstein, L Hedrick, SL Cohn, A Nakagawara, GM Brodeur and ER Fearon
Sections of Medical Oncology and Gastroenterology, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.

DCC, a candidate tumor suppressor gene from chromosome 18q21, is most highly expressed in the developing nervous system. In vitro studies suggest a role for DCC in neuronal differentiation, and 18q allelic loss occurs in a subset of neuroblastomas. To address the hypothesis that loss of DCC function may contribute to tumorigenesis in cells of neural origin, we utilized a combination of RNase protection, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical approaches to characterize DCC expression in 62 primary neuroblastomas and 16 neuroblastoma cell lines. The DCC protein was undetectable in 38% of the primary tumors and 56% of the cell lines. Of note, primary tumors lacking DCC expression were more likely to have been obtained from patients with disseminated or stage D disease (P = 0.01). In addition, loss of DCC expression was observed in three of six primary tumors from stage DS patients. No consistent relationship between the loss of DCC expression and N-myc amplification was observed in our studies. Our findings suggest that loss of DCC expression may contribute to the dissemination of neuroblastoma cells, perhaps through alterations in growth and differentiation pathways distinct from those regulated by N-myc.

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