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Experimental Therapeutics, Preclinical Pharmacology |
Cattedra di Oncologia Medica Dipartimento di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Molecolare e Clinica, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy [F. C., R. B., V. D., S. D. L., S. P., S. D. P., A. R. B., G. T.], and University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas [Z. F., J. M.]
Epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related proteins such as transforming growth factor
(TGF-
) control cancer cell growth through autocrine and paracrine pathways. Overexpression of TGF-
and/or its receptor (EGFR) has been associated with a more aggressive disease and a poor prognosis. The blockade of EGFR activation has been proposed as a target for anticancer therapy. Monoclonal antibody (MAb) C225 is an anti-EGFR humanized chimeric mouse MAb that is presently in Phase II clinical trials in cancer patients. Previous studies have suggested the potentiation of the antitumor activity of certain cytotoxic drugs, such as cisplatin and doxorubicin, in human cancer cell lines by treatment with anti-EGFR antibodies. We have evaluated in human ovarian, breast, and colon cancer cell lines, which express functional EGFR, the antiproliferative activity of MAb C225 in combination with topotecan, a cytotoxic drug that specifically inhibits topoisomerase I and that has shown antitumor activity in these malignancies. A dose-dependent supraadditive increase of growth inhibition in vitro was observed when cancer cells were treated with topotecan and MAb C225 in a sequential schedule. In this respect, the cooperativity quotient, defined as the ratio between the actual growth inhibition obtained by treatment with topotecan followed by MAb C225 and the sum of the growth inhibition achieved by each agent, ranged from 1.2 to 3, depending on drug concentration and cancer cell line. Treatment with MAb C225 also markedly enhanced apoptotic cell death induced by topotecan. For example, in GEO colon cancer cells, 5 nM topotecan, followed by 0.5 µg/ml MAb C225, induced apoptosis in 45% cells as compared with untreated cells (6%) or to 5 nM topotecan-treated cells (22%). Treatment of mice bearing established human GEO colon cancer xenografts with topotecan or with MAb C225 determined a transient inhibition of tumor growth because GEO tumors resumed the growth rate of untreated tumors at the end of the treatment period. In contrast, an almost complete tumor regression was observed in all mice treated with the two agents in combination. This determined a prolonged life span of the mice that was significantly different as compared with controls (P < 0.001), to MAb C225-treated group (P < 0.001), or to the topotecan-treated group (P < 0.001). All mice of the topotecan plus MAb C225 group were the only animals alive 14 weeks after tumor cell injection. Furthermore, 20% of mice in this group were still alive after 19 weeks. The combined treatment with MAb C225 and topotecan was well tolerated by mice with no signs of acute or delayed toxicity. These results provide a rationale for the evaluation of the anticancer activity of the combination of topoisomerase I inhibitors and anti-EGFR blocking MAbs in clinical trials.
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E. A. Sausville Combining Cytotoxics and 17-Allylamino, 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin: Sequence and Tumor Biology Matters : Commentary re: P. Munster et al., Modulation of Hsp90 Function by Ansamycins Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy-induced Apoptosis in an RB- and Schedule-dependent Manner. Clin. Cancer Res., 7: 2228-2236, 2001. Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2001; 7(8): 2155 - 2158. [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G. Tortora, R. Caputo, V. Damiano, R. Bianco, G. Fontanini, S. Cuccato, S. De Placido, A. R. Bianco, and F. Ciardiello Combined Blockade of Protein Kinase A and Bcl-2 by Antisense Strategy Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis Clin. Cancer Res., August 1, 2001; 7(8): 2537 - 2544. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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G Cox, J L Jones, A Andi, D A Waller, and K J O'Byrne A biological staging model for operable non-small cell lung cancer Thorax, July 1, 2001; 56(7): 561 - 566. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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O. Christ, S. Seiter, S. Matzku, C. Burger, and M. Zöller Efficacy of Local versus Systemic Application of Antibody-Cytokine Fusion Proteins in Tumor Therapy Clin. Cancer Res., April 1, 2001; 7(4): 985 - 998. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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P. D. Ryan and B. A. Chabner On Receptor Inhibitors and Chemotherapy Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2000; 6(12): 4607 - 4609. [Full Text] |
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K. Inoue, J. W. Slaton, P. Perrotte, D. W. Davis, C. J. Bruns, D. J. Hicklin, D. J. McConkey, P. Sweeney, R. Radinsky, and C. P. N. Dinney Paclitaxel Enhances the Effects of the Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody ImClone C225 in Mice with Metastatic Human Bladder Transitional Cell Carcinoma Clin. Cancer Res., December 1, 2000; 6(12): 4874 - 4884. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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C. Bianco, R. Bianco, G. Tortora, V. Damiano, P. Guerrieri, P. Montemaggi, J. Mendelsohn, S. De Placido, A. R. Bianco, and F. Ciardiello Antitumor Activity of Combined Treatment of Human Cancer Cells with Ionizing Radiation and Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody C225 plus Type I Protein Kinase A Antisense Oligonucleotide Clin. Cancer Res., November 1, 2000; 6(11): 4343 - 4350. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
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K. Inoue, J. W. Slaton, D. W. Davis, D. J. Hicklin, D. J. McConkey, T. Karashima, R. Radinsky, and C. P. N. Dinney Treatment of Human Metastatic Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder in a Murine Model with the Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody DC101 and Paclitaxel Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2000; 6(7): 2635 - 2643. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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L. M. Strawn, F. Kabbinavar, D. P. Schwartz, E. Mann, L. K. Shawver, D. J. Slamon, and J. M. Cherrington Effects of SU101 in Combination with Cytotoxic Agents on the Growth of Subcutaneous Tumor Xenografts Clin. Cancer Res., July 1, 2000; 6(7): 2931 - 2940. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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F. Ciardiello, R. Caputo, R. Bianco, V. Damiano, G. Pomatico, S. De Placido, A. R. Bianco, and G. Tortora Antitumor Effect and Potentiation of Cytotoxic Drugs Activity in Human Cancer Cells by ZD-1839 (Iressa), an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-selective Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Clin. Cancer Res., May 1, 2000; 6(5): 2053 - 2063. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
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J. Mendelsohn Blockade of Receptors for Growth Factors: An Anticancer Therapy -- The Fourth Annual Joseph H. Burchenal American Association for Cancer Research Clinical Research Award Lecture Clin. Cancer Res., March 1, 2000; 6(3): 747 - 753. [Full Text] |
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