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Overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Carcinoma of the Pancreas¹

Department of Surgery II, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [J. O., H. Y., Y. F., M. T., M. K., S. No., S. O., H. N., K. D., K. U., M. S., S. Na., M. M.]; Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease, Osaka 537-8511, Japan [O. I.]; and Department of Pathology, School of Allied Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan [N. M.]

The level of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 has been investigated recently in various human carcinomas. In the present study, we examined the distribution and extent of COX-2 protein in human pancreatic tumors using immunohistochemistry. A strong expression of COX-2 protein was present in 23 of 52 (44%) pancreatic carcinomas, a moderate expression was present in 24 of 52 (46%) pancreatic carcinomas, and a weak expression was present in 5 of 52 (10%) pancreatic carcinomas. In contrast, benign tumors showed weak expression or no expression of COX-2, and only islet cells displayed COX-2 expression in normal pancreatic tissues. Overexpression of COX-2 in carcinoma tissues was also confirmed by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, consistent with the results at protein levels, reverse transcription-PCR analyses indicated that COX-2 mRNA was overexpressed in 7 of 13 (54%) carcinomas, but in none of 3 benign tumors. Our findings suggest that COX-2 inhibitors might be potentially effective against pancreatic carcinomas and that COX-2 may be involved in certain biological processes in pancreatic islets.

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