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Serum Interleukin 6 as a Prognostic Factor in Patients with Prostate Cancer¹

Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160, Japan

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the prognostic significance of the serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in patients with prostate cancer. Serum IL-6 levels were measured in 74 patients with prostate cancer. The tumor was stage B in 23 patients, stage C in 14 patients, and stage D in 37 patients. Prognostic significance of tumor histology, performance status (PS), bone metastasis, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, serum lactate dehydrogenase level, serum IL-6 levels, and hemoglobin on disease-specific survival was assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox’s proportional hazards model analyses. Serum IL-6 was significantly correlated with the clinical stage of prostate cancer. Univariate analysis of all patients demonstrated that an extent of disease (EOD) on bone scanning 1, IL-6 7 pg/ml, PS 1, PSA >100 ng/ml, and ALP >620 IU/liter were associated with a significantly lower survival rate than their respective counterparts. In multivariate analysis, however, the only two significant prognostic factors were EOD and IL-6. In 51 patients with stage C and stage D prostate cancer, univariate analysis showed that EOD 1, IL-6 7 pg/ml, PS 1, PSA >100 ng/ml, LDH >200 IU/liter, and ALP >620 IU/liter were significantly related to survival, whereas multivariate analysis again demonstrated that EOD 1 and IL-6 7 pg/ml were significant prognostic factors. These results indicate that the serum IL-6 level is a significant prognostic factor for prostate cancer as well as EOD.

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