This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hale, L. P. Articles by Madden, J. F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hale, L. P. Articles by Madden, J. F.

Zinc -2-Glycoprotein Is Expressed by Malignant Prostatic Epithelium and May Serve as a Potential Serum Marker for Prostate Cancer¹

Departments of Pathology [L. P. H., J. F. M.] and Surgery [D. T. P., W. D-W.], Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo 33006, Spain [L. M. S.]

Zinc -2-glycoprotein (ZAG) is a M_r 41,000 glycoprotein secreted by a variety of normal epithelia. ZAG was recently shown to stimulate lipolysis in adipocytes, leading to the development of cachexia in animals with ZAG-producing tumors. To understand the possible contribution of ZAG to the development of cachexia in men with prostate cancer, ZAG production by normal and malignant prostate tissue was investigated using immunohistochemical assays. Anti-ZAG monoclonal antibodies reacted strongly with normal prostate epithelium but not with other components of prostate or seminal vesicles. The majority of prostate cancers tested (35 of 48; 73%) also reacted with anti-ZAG antibodies. High-grade tumors expressed significantly less ZAG than moderate-grade tumors (mean ZAG score 1.1 versus 1.9; P < 0.01). Men with ZAG-producing prostate carcinomas had elevated levels of serum ZAG relative to their normal age- and race-matched controls (P < 0.02). Furthermore, s.c. growth of human ZAG-producing murine tumors in syngeneic mice and orthotopic growth of ZAG-producing human prostate carcinomas in nude rats resulted in readily detectable levels of human ZAG in the serum. Taken together, these studies show that ZAG production by prostate cancer can lead to systemically elevated serum ZAG levels that may be useful diagnostically. The effects of elevated systemic ZAG on cachexia-associated complications in patients with advanced prostate cancer deserves additional investigation.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				Md. I. Hassan, A. Waheed, S. Yadav, T. P. Singh, and F. Ahmad Zinc {alpha}2-Glycoprotein: A Multidisciplinary Protein Mol. Cancer Res., June 1, 2008; 6(6): 892 - 906. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Qu, X. Ying, W. Guo, Q. Guo, G. Chen, Y. Liu, and Z. Ding The role of Zn-{alpha}2 glycoprotein in sperm motility is mediated by changes in cyclic AMP Reproduction, October 1, 2007; 134(4): 569 - 576. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Gangadharan, R. Antrobus, R. A. Dwek, and N. Zitzmann Novel Serum Biomarker Candidates for Liver Fibrosis in Hepatitis C Patients Clin. Chem., October 1, 2007; 53(10): 1792 - 1799. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				O. P. Bondar, D. R. Barnidge, E. W. Klee, B. J. Davis, and G. G. Klee LC-MS/MS Quantification of Zn-{alpha}2 Glycoprotein: A Potential Serum Biomarker for Prostate Cancer Clin. Chem., April 1, 2007; 53(4): 673 - 678. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Henshall, L. G. Horvath, D. I. Quinn, S. A. Eggleton, J. J. Grygiel, P. D. Stricker, A. V. Biankin, J. G. Kench, and R. L. Sutherland Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein expression as a predictor of metastatic prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy. J Natl Cancer Inst, October 4, 2006; 98(19): 1420 - 1424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Fujimoto, Y. Akimoto, T. Suzuki, S. Kitamura, and S. Ohta Identification of prostatic-secreted proteins in mice by mass spectrometric analysis and evaluation of lobe-specific and androgen-dependent mRNA expression. J. Endocrinol., September 1, 2006; 190(3): 793 - 803. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Bing, Y. Bao, J. Jenkins, P. Sanders, M. Manieri, S. Cinti, M. J. Tisdale, and P. Trayhurn Zinc-{alpha}2-glycoprotein, a lipid mobilizing factor, is expressed in adipocytes and is up-regulated in mice with cancer cachexia PNAS, February 24, 2004; 101(8): 2500 - 2505. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Lapointe, C. Li, J. P. Higgins, M. van de Rijn, E. Bair, K. Montgomery, M. Ferrari, L. Egevad, W. Rayford, U. Bergerheim, et al. Gene expression profiling identifies clinically relevant subtypes of prostate cancer PNAS, January 20, 2004; 101(3): 811 - 816. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]