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Radioimmunotherapy with ¹¹¹In/⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 for Metastatic Prostate Cancer¹

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California 95816, and Biomira, Inc., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6N 1H1 [I. J. G.]

Purpose: Over 31,000 Americans die of androgen-independent metastatic prostate cancer each year. New strategies that do not involve hormonal manipulation but instead recognize the biochemical and molecular characteristics of prostate cancer are needed. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) uses a tumor-specific monoclonal antibody to deliver systemic, targeted radiation to cancer. The objectives of this Phase I study of ¹¹¹In-2IT-BAD-m170 (for imaging) and ⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 (for therapy) were to determine the toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD), the specificity for targeting metastatic prostate cancer, and the efficacy for palliation of pain.

Experimental Design: M170 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that targets adenocarcinomas. Patients with adequate renal and liver function, rising prostate-specific antigen, and androgen-independent metastatic prostate cancer were eligible. After estimation of dosimetry and pharmacokinetics with ¹¹¹In-2IT-BAD-m170, a single dose of ⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 (0.185, 0.370, 0.555, or 0.740 GBq/m²) was administered to cohorts of three patients. Pain was assessed objectively by questionnaires before and for 8 weeks after RIT; weekly prostate-specific antigen levels were obtained for 2 months after RIT.

Results: The MTD of ⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 was 0.740 GBq/m² for patients that had up to 10% of the axial skeleton involved with prostate cancer. Toxicity was almost exclusively confined to reversible myelosuppression. Metastatic prostate cancer was targeted by ¹¹¹In-2IT-BAD-m170 in all 17 patients. The mean radiation dose delivered to 39 bone and 18 nodal metastases by ⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 was 10.5 Gy/GBq (range 2.8–25.1). Thirteen of 17 patients reported pain before ⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170; 7 of these 13 had a partial or complete resolution of pain that lasted an average of 4.3 weeks.

Conclusions: This study determined the MTD of ¹¹¹In/⁹⁰Y-2IT-BAD-m170 in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. The drugs were well tolerated, targeted metastases, and temporarily palliated pain.

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