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Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 7, 2228-2236, August 2001
© 2001 American Association for Cancer Research

Advances in Brief

Modulation of Hsp90 Function by Ansamycins Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy-induced Apoptosis in an RB- and Schedule-dependent Manner1

See The Biology Behind: E. A. Sausville, Combining Cytotoxics and 17-Allylamino, 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin: Sequence and Tumor Biology Matters. Clin. Cancer Res., 7: 2155–2158, 2001.

Pamela N. Münster2, Andrea Basso, David Solit, Larry Norton and Neal Rosen

Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021

17-allyl-aminogeldanamycin (17-AAG) is an ansamycin antibiotic that binds to a highly conserved pocket in the Hsp90 chaperone protein and inhibits its function. Hsp90 is required for the refolding of proteins during cellular stress and the conformational maturation of certain signaling proteins. 17-AAG has antitumor activity in cell culture and animal xenograft models and is currently in clinical trial. It causes an RB-dependent G1 arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis. RB-negative cells arrest in mitosis and undergo apoptosis. Hsp90 plays an important role in the cellular response to environmental stress. Therefore, we tested whether the regulation of Hsp90 function by 17-AAG could sensitize cells to cytotoxic agents. 17-AAG sensitized tumor cells to Taxol and doxorubicin. Taxanes cause growth arrest in mitosis and apoptosis. The addition of 17-AAG to cells after exposure to Taxol significantly increased both the activation of caspases 9 and 3 and apoptosis. In cells with intact RB, exposure to 17-AAG before Taxol resulted in G1 arrest and abrogated apoptosis. Schedule dependence was not seen in cells with mutated RB, because both agents blocked cells in mitosis. Schedule- or RB-dependence was also not observed when cells were treated with 17-AAG and doxorubicin, a DNA-intercalating agent that acts on different phases of the cell cycle. These findings suggest that inhibition of Hsp90 function by 17-AAG enhances the apoptotic effects of cytotoxic agents. The sequence of drug administration and the RB status significantly influence efficacy.


Commentary

Combining Cytotoxics and 17-Allylamino, 17-Demethoxygeldanamycin: Sequence and Tumor Biology Matters : Commentary re: P. Münster et al., Modulation of Hsp90 Function by Ansamycins Sensitizes Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy-induced Apoptosis in an RB- and Schedule-dependent Manner. Clin. Cancer Res., 7: 2228–2236, 2001.
Edward A. Sausville
Clin. Cancer Res. 2001 7: 2155-2158. [Full Text] [PDF]



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Copyright © 2001 by the American Association for Cancer Research.