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In vitro and In vivo Activity of the Nuclear Factor-B Inhibitor Sulfasalazine in Human Glioblastomas

¹ Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, ² Center for Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, and ³ Department of Histology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; ⁴ Unité INSERM 487, Institut Gustave-Roussy, Villejuif, France; and ⁵ Department of Neurosurgery, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

Glioblastomas, the most common primary brain cancers, respond poorly to current treatment modalities and carry a dismal prognosis. In this study, we demonstrated that the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-B is constitutively activated in glioblastoma surgical samples, primary cultures, and cell lines and promotes their growth and survival. Sulfasalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug that specifically inhibits the activation of NF-B, blocked the cell cycle and induced apoptosis in several glioblastoma cell lines and primary cultures, as did gene therapy with a vector encoding a super-repressor of NF-B. In vivo, sulfasalazine also significantly inhibited the growth of experimental human glioblastomas in nude mice brains. Given the documented safety of sulfasalazine in humans, these results may lead the way to a new class of glioma treatment.

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