X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) represents a novel therapeutic target for the induction of tumor apoptosis by a new investigational, second-generation antisense drug, AEG35156. Illustrated is the strong protein expression of XIAP within a non–small-cell lung cancer tumor xenograft, in the absence of AEG35156 treatment, using immunohistochemistry. AEG35156 treatment of tumor-bearing mice results in XIAP down-regulation and tumor regression when used as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy. For further details, please see LaCasse et al. on page 5231 in this issue.

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