The effects of curcumin on NF-κB (top row), phospho-STAT3 (middle row), and COX-2 (bottom row) expression were examined in an orthotopic mouse model of ovarian carcinoma. Compared with controls (left column), treatment with oral curcumin (500 mg/kg) decreased expression of NF-κB (p65), phospho-STAT3, and COX-2 as early as 24 hours after the last dose (middle column). Expression of these three factors returned to baseline levels by 72 hours after treatment (right column). The potent inhibition of these critical tumorigenic and angiogenic factors evidenced here support the development of curcumin-based therapeutic strategies for ovarian carcinoma. For further details, please see Lin et al. on page 3423 in this issue.

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