Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig. 1.
Study flow from the time of randomized controlled trial accrual through a median of 11 years of follow-up. Patients designated as “lost follow-up” are known to be alive; cancer status, however, is not known.
- Fig. 2.
Predicted cumulative survival after recurrence of 62 breast cancer patients according to study arm, intervention versus assessment only.
- Fig. 3.
A, significant study arm by time interaction showing a significantly greater improvement (reduction) in negative mood for the intervention patients following the baseline distress of recurrence diagnosis. B, significant study arm effect with the intervention arm reporting higher social support at baseline than the assessment arm (P = 0.001). The time effect indicates a significant decline in social support for the assessment arm (P = 0.002). C, significant study arm by time interaction showing greater NKCC for the intervention arm 12 months after recurrence diagnosis. NKCC was expressed as the mean of standardized scores from six E:T ratios.
Tables
- Table 1.
Equivalence of the assessment-only and intervention arms on sociodemographic, prognostic, and cancer treatments received variables (n = 62)
Variables Assessment only (n = 33) Intervention (n = 29) Mean (SD)/% Mean (SD)/% Sociodemographic variables at recurrence Age (y) 52.2 (10.8) 55.5 (11.9) Race (% Caucasian) 94 90 Education (y) 14.0 (2.3) 14.9 (2.7) Marital status (% married) 67 66 Family income (thousand $/year) 51.6 (39.7) 54.2 (40.6) Initial diagnosis Stage (II vs. III, % II) 91 86 Nodes (number positive) 4.8 (7.3) 4.9 (9.1) ER/PR (% positive) 55 55 Treatments for initial diagnosis Surgery (% modified radical mastectomy) 61 62 Chemotherapy (% yes) 85 83 Radiation therapy (% yes) 49 45 Hormonal therapy (% yes) 73 62 Recurrence diagnosis Median disease-free interval (mo) 26.0 33.0 Site of recurrent disease (%) Local 29 18 Regional 0 7 Distant 71 75 Bone only 45 33 Distant, other 55 67 Treatments for recurrence diagnosis Surgery (% yes)* 43 14 Chemotherapy (% yes) 47 57 Radiation therapy (% yes) 40 18 Hormonal therapy (% yes) 47 50 Bone marrow transplantation (% yes) 3 11 - Table 2.
Final multivariate Cox proportional hazards model contrasting study arms in survival after recurrence (n = 62)
Variable HR (95% CI) P Study arm (intervention vs. assessment only) 0.410 (0.202-0.832) 0.014 Initial functional status (KPS) 0.346 (0.170-0.704) 0.003 Initial psychological distress (POMS) 0.982 (0.967-0.997) 0.022 Recurrence site (locoregional vs. distant) 0.191 (0.080-0.458) <0.001 - Table 3.
Mixed-effects models comparing the assessment-only (n = 18) versus the intervention arm (n = 23) biobehavioral trajectories in the 12 months following recurrence diagnosis
Variable Effect Estimate (95% CI) t Pr Psychological distress POMS Study arm 5.811 (−8.896 to 20.518) 0.798 0.12 Time 0.253 (−0.553 to 1.058) 0.649 0.05 Study arm × time −1.282 (−2.195 to -0.370) −2.908* −0.26 Social support ISEL Study arm 2.800 (1.336-4.264) 3.925* 0.60 Time −0.131 (−0.206 to −0.056) −3.710* −0.68 Study arm × time 0.027 (−0.049 to 0.102) 0.769 0.22 Health Symptoms/Signs Study arm 0.019 (−0.056 to 0.094) 0.508 0.08 Time −0.004 (−0.008 to −0.0004) −2.208* −0.35 Study arm × time −0.001 (−0.005 to 0.002) −0.694 −0.14 Immunity NKCC Study arm 0.071 (−0.427 to 0.568) 0.294 0.06 Time −0.169 (−0.249 to −0.089) −4.292† −0.60 Study arm × time 0.101 (0.024-0.178) 2.701† 0.47 Con A Study arm −0.030 (−0.631 to 0.570) −0.104 −0.02 Time −0.064 (−0.146 to 0.018) −1.587 −0.27 Study arm × time 0.068 (−0.030 to 0.165) 1.411 0.24 PHA Study arm 0.476 (−0.081 to 1.033) 1.766 0.35 Time −0.016 (−0.092 to 0.059) −0.456 −0.11 Study arm × time 0.049 (−0.038 to 0.136) 1.192 0.28
Volume 16, Issue 12
