Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that YM155 reduced survivin protein levels, whereas docetaxel treatment increased p34 Thr-survivin protein at G2/M mitotic arrest. Furthermore, the concomitant treatment YM155 apparently decreased the docetaxel-induced survivin upregulation below the basal level in SK-MEL-5 human malignant melanoma cell. For further details, please see Yamanaka and colleagues on page 5423 in this issue.