Table 1.

Clinical trials using drugs that target pathways known to interact with the ERα pathway in patients with ERα-positive breast disease

Drug/CombinationPathway Target(s)Patient Disease InformationPhaseStatus
PD-325901*MEK (MAPK pathway)Advanced breast cancer, colon cancer, and melanomaI-IITerminated
Bevacizumab + sorafenib tosylate†RAF (MAPK pathway)Refractory, metastatic, or unresectable solid tumorsIOngoing
Paclitaxel and RAD001 followed by FEC (chemotherapy)‡§mTORTriple negative breast tumorsIIRecruiting
Ritonavir (preoperative)∥AktNewly diagnosed breast cancer patientsI-IINot yet open
GSK2141795AktSolid tumors/lymphomas not responsive to other therapiesIRecruiting
GDC-0941 + bevacizumab + paclitaxel**PI3KLocally recurrent or metastatic breast cancerIbRecruiting
BGT226§PI3KAdvanced solid malignancies including breast cancerI-IIRecruiting
BEZ235§PI3KAdvanced solid malignancies including breast cancerIRecruiting
Temsirolimus†††mTORLocally recurrent or metastatic breast cancerIIOngoing
XL147+ XL647‡‡PI3KSolid tumors including breast cancerISuspended

NOTE: Information from http://.ClinicalTrials.gov. Study sponsors footnoted below.

Abbreviation: mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin.

  • ↵*Pfizer.

  • ↵†NCI.

  • ↵‡MD Anderson, Houston, TX.

  • ↵§Novartis.

  • ↵∥Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota.

  • ↵GlaxoSmithKline.

  • ↵**Genentech.

  • ↵††University of Chicago.

  • ↵‡‡Exelixis.